Chemerin is recently discovered ligand for a chemokine receptor like-1 (CMKLR1) expressed primarily by plasmacytoid dendritic cells, macrophages and NK cells. Chemerin is mainly synthesized by the liver and circulates in the blood in an inactive precursor form prochemerin. At the site of inflammation prochemerin undergoes proteolytic activation that unleashes its chemotactic activity for CMKLR1+ cells. As a chemotactic factor for a specific subsets of leukocytes, chemerin contributes to the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis, lupus erythematosus and lichen planus. Recent data have demonstrated that chemerin is not only a chemotactic protein for immune cells but also plays a role in regulating differentiation, insulin-induced glucose uptake and lipolysis in adipocytes probably via an autocrine manner. Being a chemoattractant and an adipokine (signaling molecule secreted by adipose tissue), chemerin is a potential factor involved in the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders characterized by a chronic, low-grade inflammation and macrophage infiltration. This is supported by circulating chemerin levels that differ significantly between obese and diabetic patients compared with healthy individuals. Serum chemerin levels are also correlated with metabolic syndrom-related parameters including BMI, triglycerides and hypertension. In this review we summarize current knowledge about chemerin with focus on the role of this protein in regulating immune responses and metabolic processes.