Insulin binding to its receptor to , plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis of the body. Insulin receptors are present in all vertebrate cells , which reflects a variety of regulatory processes in which the hormone is involved . The level of expression of the insulin receptor may be affected by various factors , including insulin alone or level of development of the organism , and the mutations in the receptor leading to the development of insulin resistance with varying degrees of severity, that accompanies diseases such as diabetes , hypertension, cardiovascular diseases , renal infarction , metabolic syndrome, or even infertility in women. Prognostic more than 50 mutations in the insulin receptor which are associated with rare forms of insulin resistance , such as leprechaunism , type A insulin resistance or Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome . Molecular analysis of the insulin receptor gene may contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying various forms of insulin resistance and the development of much better ways of treating patients.