STAT mediators comprise a family of seven proteins, that play a key role in intracellular signaling. They are involved in cell differentiation, proliferation and cell death. This article presents a description of STAT proteins with a focus on their probable role in pathology of alimentary system, particularly inflammatory bowel disease and colon carcinogenesis. In inflammatory bowel disease action of STAT3, STAT1, STAT 4 predominates. STAT1 and STAT3 play remarkable roles in colon carcinoma. It was discovered that STAT1 blocks cell proliferation in cell lines of colorectal cancer. An increased expression of STAT3 correlates with clinical staging and nodal involvement. In other malignancies there are described actions of STATs, that analo- gously might occur in colorectal carcinoma, but that sort of suggestions should be verified in the future studies of this neoplasm. By means of inhibition of STATs proteins, new possibilities of anticancer therapy emerge. This review shows that STAT can interact with other factors in development of colorectal cancer. However, a precise definition of these reactions belongs to the future.